Educational researchers and practitioners have long believed that learning is heavily influenced by the motivational consequences of social interactions inside and outside the classroom. Relevant work has focused on such diverse phenomena as teacher-student interactions, instructional grouping, teacher expectations, and peer tutoring.

Core Faculty: Kevin Crowley, John Levine, Sharon Nelson-Le Gall, Timothy Nokes-Malach, Frits Pil, Janet Schofield, and Christian Schunn

Students work with faculty to conduct research in these areas and are drawn from the following academic program(s).

Academic Programs:
Cognitive Program, Department of Psychology
Social Program, Department of Psychology

Selected Projects

Dialectical Interaction and Conceptual Learning

Increasing College Retention

Intergroup Relations in Schools

Knowledge Creation and Distribution in Online Groups

Newcomers as Sources of Team Learning

Science Learning Activation Lab

Social Aspects of Classroom Computer Use

Theoretical and Architectural Support for Mobile Group Learning

Learning Technology
Reading and Language
Informal Learning Reforming School Practice
Learning Policy Social and Motivational Factors
Selected Publications

Ben-Eliyahu, A. & Linnenbrink-Garcia, L. (in preparation). Achievement goal orientations, emotions, and engagement: A focus on the varying role of emotions in favorite and least-favorite classes. Manuscript to be submitted to Journal of Educational Psychology. PDF/Abstract

Ben-Eliyahu, A., & Linnenbrink-Garcia, L., & Putallaz, M. (in preparation) The intertwined nature of social life and academics: How social and academic goal orientations relate to social and academic behaviors and self-perceptions. Manuscript to be submitted to Developmental Psychology. PDF/Abstract

Deeb, I., Segall, G., Birnbaum, D., Ben-Eliyahu, A., & Diesendruck, G. (under review) Seeing isn't believing: The effect of contact on children's essentialist beliefs about ethnic categories. Manuscript to be submitted to Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
 PDF/Abstract

O'Keefe, P. A., Ben-Eliyahu, A., & Linnenbrink-Garcia, L. (under review). Shaping Achievement Goal Orientations in a Mastery-Structured Environment and Concomitant Changes in Related Contingencies of Self-Worth. Motivation and Emotion. PDF/Abstract

Schofield, J. W. (in press). Realistic conflict theory. In M. Hogg & J. M. Levine (Eds.), Encyclopedia of group processes and intergroup relations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. PDF/Abstract

Apedoe, X., Ellefson, M. E., & Schunn, C. D. (in press). Learning together while designing: Does group size make a difference? Journal of Science Education and Technology. PDF/Abstract

Gadgil, S., & Nokes, T. J. (accepted, pending minor revisions). Collaborative facilitation through error-detection: A classroom experiment. Applied Cognitive Psychology. PDF/Abstract

Levine, J. M., & Moreland, R. L. (in press). A history of small group research. In A. W. Kruglanski & W. Stroebe (Eds.), Handbook of the history of social psychology. New York: Psychology Press. PDF/Abstract

Nokes, T. J., & Belenky, D. M. (in press). Incorporating motivation into a theoretical framework for knowledge transfer. Cognition and Education: The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory, 55.  PDF/Abstract

Paletz, S. B. F. (in press). Project management of innovative teams. In M. Mumford (Ed.), Handbook of organizational creativity. Elsevier. PDF/Abstract

Paletz, S. B. F., & Schunn, C. D. (in press). Digging into implicit/explicit states and processes: The case of cognitive/social process interaction in scientific groups. To appear in R. Proctor and J. Capaldi (Eds.), Psychology of science: Implicit and explicit reasoning. Oxford University Press. PDF/Abstract

Peng, K., & Paletz, S. B. F. (in press). Cross-cultural psychology in applied settings. To appear in P. Martin et al. (Eds.), The IAAP handbook of applied psychology. Wiley-Blackwell. PDF/Abstract

Sayette, M. A., Dimoff, J. D., Levine, J. M., Moreland, R. L., & Votruba-Drzal, E. (in press). The effects of alcohol and dosage-set on risk-seeking behavior in groups and individuals. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. PDF/Abstract

Schofield, J. W., Evans-Rhodes, D., & Huber, B. R. (in press). The artificially intelligent tutor as a change agent: Unintended consequences for classroom social processes. In A. Collins & J. Hawkins (Eds.), Design experiments in education. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. PDF/Abstract

Belenky, D. M., Nokes, T. J., & Bernacki, M. L. (2011, August). Achievement goals over time: How changes in mastery and performance-approach predict deep knowledge. Paper to be presented at the 14th Biennial Conference EARLI 2011, Exeter, UK. PDF/Abstract

Belenky, D. M., Nokes, T. J., & Bernacki, M. L. (2011, July). Achievement goals and learning in a lecture course: Moving towards mastery goals predicts deeper learning. Poster to be presented at the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Boston, MA. PDF/Abstract

Belenky, D. M., Potter, S. J., & Nokes, T. J. (2011, March). The effect of expected test pressure on learning. Poster presented at the Fourth Annual Inter-Science of Learning Center Student and Post-Doc Conference. Washington, DC. PDF/Abstract

Kaufman, J. H., & Schunn, C. D. (2011). Students' perceptions about peer assessment for writing: Their origin and impact on revision work. Instructional Science, 39(3), 387-406. PDF/Abstract

Lee, C. J., & Schunn, C. D. (2011). Social biases and solutions for procedural objectivity. Hypatia, 26(2), 352-373. PDF/Abstract

Levine, J. M. (2011, May). Innovation in task groups: Newcomers as change agents. In G. Stasser (Chair), Invited Fellows Symposium: Cognition In and By Groups. Symposium at the meeting of Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, IL. PDF/Abstract

Paletz, S. B. F., & Schunn, C. D. (2011). Assessing group level participation in fluid teams: Testing a new metric. Behavior Research Methods, 32, 522-536. PDF/Abstract

Kim, J., MacDuffie, J. P., & Pil, F. K. (2010). Employee voice and organizational performance. Human Relations, 63(3), 371-394. PDF/Abstract

Levine, J. M., & Choi, H.-S. (2010). Newcomers as change agents: Minority influence in task groups. In R. Martin & M. Hewstone (Eds.), Minority influence and innovation: Antecedents, processes, and consequences (pp. 229-262). New York: Psychology Press. PDF/Abstract

Levine, J. M., Alexander, K., & Hansen, T. (2010). Self-control in groups. In R. Hassin, K. N. Ochsner, & Y. Trope (Eds.), Self control in society, mind, and brain (pp. 449-472). New York: Oxford University Press. PDF/Abstract

Mannetti, L., Levine, J. M., Pierro, A., & Kruglanski, A. (2010). Group reaction to defection: The impact of shared reality. Social Cognition, 28(3), 447-464. PDF/Abstract

Schofield, J. W., Yee, F., Hausmann, L. R. M., & Wood, R. (2010). Intergroup friendships on campus: Predicting close and casual friendships between White and African-American first-year college students. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 13(5), 585-602. PDF/Abstract

Echterhoff, G., Higgins, E. T., & Levine, J. M. (2009). Shared reality: Experiencing commonality with others' inner states about the world. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4, 496-521. PDF/Abstract

Holweg, M., & Pil, F. K. (2009). A break from the past: Volvo and its malcontents. In M. Freyssenet (Ed.), The second automobile revolution. Palgrave MacMillan. PDF/Abstract

Jones, E. F., & Nelson-Le Gall, S. (2009). Black children's judgments of in-group and out-group students' academic achievement, motivation, and behavior. The Negro Educational Review, 60, 53-69. PDF/Abstract

Pil, F. K., & Leana, C. (2009). Applying organizational research to public school reform: The effects of teacher human and social capital on student performance. Academy of Management Journal, 52(6), 1101-1124. PDF/Abstract

Alexander, K. M., & Schofield, J. W. (2008). Understanding and mitigating stereotype threat's negative influence on immigrant and minority students' academic performance. Kolner Zeitschrift fur Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 48, 1-24. PDF/Abstract

Holweg, M., & Pil, F. K. (2008). Theoretical perspectives on the coordination of supply chains. Journal of Operations Management, 26(3), 389-406. PDF/Abstract

Pinto, J., Leanan, C., & Pil, F. K. (2008). Corrupt organizations or organizations of corrupt individuals? Two organizational-level corruption phenomena. Academy of Management Review, 33(3), 685-709. PDF/Abstract

Schofield, J. W. (2008). School desegregation research: Outcomes, historical trends and issues affecting its usefulness in policy and practice. In U. Wagner, L. Tropp, G. Finchilescu, & C. Tredoux (Eds.), Improving intergroup relations: Building on the legacy of Thomas F. Pettigrew (pp. 262-279). New York: Blackwell. PDF/Abstract

Schofield, J. W. (2008). School desegregation. In R. T. Schaefer (Ed.), Encyclopedia of race, ethnicity, and society (pp. 1207-1210). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. PDF/Abstract

Levine, J. M., & Kerr, N. L. (2007). Inclusion and exclusion: Implications for group processes. In A. E. Kruglanski & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (2nd ed., pp. 759-784). New York: Guilford. PDF/Abstract

Levine, J. M., & Moreland, R. L. (2004). Collaboration: The social context of theory development. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8, 164-172. PDF/Abstract